The exposure report · Science

Science is the second most exposed group in the economy

Twenty-eight per cent of scientific work is reachable with a chat window today, and only 30 per cent cannot be sped up. Both figures are near the top of the report.

Exposure means published research judged an AI could halve the time a task takes, at the same quality. It is not a prediction about any job. How to read this


60
occupations
1,236
rated tasks
30%
cannot be sped up, 4 of 22 in the economy
81pts
between the most and least protected job here
Finding one

Environmental Economists have no protected work at all

Not one task. At the other end of the same group, Agricultural Technicians are 81 per cent protected, because the work involves being in a field with equipment.

Eighty-one points of spread inside a single label. The pattern is now familiar: what matters is the medium, not the subject.

Finding two

The most exposed occupations in the entire report are here

Survey Researchers sit at the top of the whole economy for exposure. Reading literature, designing instruments, analysing responses and writing them up is text work from end to end.

This matters beyond the group, because a great deal of what other professions call "research" is the same activity under a different name.

Every occupation in the group, least protected first

Solid is reachable with a chat window today, pale needs software building first, grey cannot be sped up. Task counts are shown because several of these rest on fewer than twenty.

Environmental Economists
Environmental Economist · Natural Resource Economist · Research Economist · Resource Economist
Tasks20 Doing it 16k
Industrial Ecologists
Ecologist · Environmental Consultant · Environmental Protection Agency Counselor · Research Scientist
Tasks38 Doing it 77k
Environmental Restoration Planners
Coastal and Estuary Specialist · Fisheries Habitat Restoration Specialist · Habitat Restoration Specialist · Marine Habitat Resources Specialist
Tasks23 Doing it 77k
Bioinformatics Scientists
Bioinformaticist · Bioinformatics Scientist · Research Associate · Research Scientist
Tasks20 Doing it 47k
Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health
Environmental Analyst · Environmental Health and Safety Specialist (EHS Specialist) · Environmental Health Specialist · Environmental Programs Specialist
Tasks22 Doing it 77k
Transportation Planners
Planner · Program Officer · Transportation Analyst · Transportation Data Programs Manager
Tasks22 Doing it 34k
Survey Researchers
Data Analyst · Market Survey Representative · Research Associate · Research Fellow
Tasks16 Doing it 9k
Climate Change Policy Analysts
Climate Advisor · Climate Analyst · Climate and Energy Program Associate · Climate Economist
Tasks14 Doing it 77k
Animal Scientists
Animal Nutrition Consultant · Animal Nutritionist · Animal Scientist · Beef Cattle Nutritionist
Tasks9 Doing it 3k
Urban and Regional Planners
City Planner · Community Development Planner · Community Planner · Development Technician
Tasks25 Doing it 39k
Political Scientists
Tasks14 Doing it 6k
Sociologists
Demographer · Evaluation Specialist · Medical Sociologist · Policy Analyst
Tasks13 Doing it 3k
Conservation Scientists
Conservationist · Environmental Analyst · Environmental Quality Scientist · Erosion Control Specialist
Tasks30 Doing it 23k
Industrial-Organizational Psychologists
Consulting Psychologist · I-O Practitioner (Industrial-Organizational Practitioner) · I-O Psychologist (Industrial-Organizational Psychologist) · Industrial Psychologist
Tasks25 Doing it 1k
School Psychologists
Autism Consultant · Bilingual School Psychologist · Challenging Behavior Consultant · Consulting Psychologist
Tasks19 Doing it 57k
Park Naturalists
Environmental Education Specialist · Environmental Educator · Interpretive Naturalist · Natural Resource Educator
Tasks18 Doing it 23k
Remote Sensing Technicians
Digital Cartographic Technician · Geospatial Extractor · Meteorologist Liaison · Research Associate
Tasks22 Doing it 62k
Atmospheric and Space Scientists
Broadcast Meteorologist · Forecaster · General Forecaster · Hydrometeorological Technician (Hydrometeorological Tech)
Tasks27 Doing it 9k
Tasks16 Doing it 4k
Soil and Plant Scientists
Agronomist · Arboriculture Researcher · Crop Nutrition Scientist · Forage Physiologist
Tasks27 Doing it 16k
Physicists
Biophysics Scientist · Health Physicist · Medical Physicist · Physicist
Tasks15 Doing it 20k
Geneticists
Cardiovascular Geneticist · Medical Geneticist · Research Scientist · Scientist
Tasks24 Doing it 47k
Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists
Clinical Laboratory Scientist (Clinical Lab Scientist) · Clinical Pharmacologist · Clinical Research Scientist · Medical Researcher
Tasks14 Doing it 109k
Social Science Research Assistants
Clinical Research Assistant · Graduate Assistant · Graduate Research Assistant · Research Aide
Tasks23 Doing it 29k
Food Scientists and Technologists
Corporate Food Scientist · Food and Drug Research Scientist · Food Engineer · Food Safety Regulatory Manager
Tasks13 Doing it 14k
Precision Agriculture Technicians
Agrintelligence Specialist (Agriculture Intelligence Specialist) · Agronomist · Agronomy Consultant · Crop Consultant
Tasks22 Doing it 14k
Hydrologists
Groundwater Consultant · Hydrogeologist · Hydrologist · Physical Scientist
Tasks25 Doing it 6k
Remote Sensing Scientists and Technologists
Geospatial Intelligence Analyst · Image Scientist · Remote Sensing Analyst · Remote Sensing Scientist
Tasks24 Doing it 20k
Anthropologists and Archeologists
American Indian Policy Specialist · Applied Anthropologist · Applied Cultural Anthropologist · Archaeologist
Tasks30 Doing it 7k
Epidemiologists
Chronic Disease Epidemiologist · Communicable Diseases Specialist · Environmental Epidemiologist · Epidemiologist
Tasks15 Doing it 8k
Quality Control Analysts
Lab Analyst · Lab Technician (Lab Tech) · Laboratory Analyst · Microbiology Lab Analyst
Tasks26 Doing it 62k
Clinical and Counseling Psychologists
Case Manager · Clinical Psychologist · Counseling Psychologist · Counselor
Tasks30 Doing it 58k
Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers
Engineering Geologist · Environmental Protection Geologist · Exploration Geologist · Geological Specialist
Tasks32 Doing it 24k
Molecular and Cellular Biologists
Molecular Biologist · Research Scientist
Tasks22 Doing it 47k
Biochemists and Biophysicists
Analytical Research Chemist · Biochemist · Biophysics Researcher · Scientist
Tasks24 Doing it 35k
Geographers
Earth Observations Scientist · Geographer · GIS Coordinator (Geographic Information Systems Coordinator) · GIS Geographer (Geographic Information Systems Geographer)
Tasks12 Doing it 1k
Historians
Collections Specialist · County Historian · Historian · Historic Architectural Resources Curator
Tasks21 Doing it 3k
Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists
Aquatic Biologist · Conservation Biologist · Fish and Wildlife Biologist · Fisheries and Wildlife Biological Scientist
Tasks14 Doing it 16k
Astronomers
Astronomer · Astronomy Outreach Coordinator · Astrophysicist · Research Astrophysicist
Tasks17 Doing it 2k
Range Managers
Conservationist · Land Management Supervisor · Natural Resource Manager · Natural Resource Specialist
Tasks17 Doing it 23k
Environmental Science and Protection Technicians, Including Health
Environmental Health Officer (EHO) · Environmental Technician (Environmental Tech) · Industrial Pretreatment Program Specialist (IPP Specialist) · Lab Technician (Laboratory Technician)
Tasks26 Doing it 34k
Occupational Health and Safety Technicians
Advisory Industrial Hygienist · Certified Industrial Hygienist (CIH) · Construction Safety Consultant · EHS Advisor (Environmental, Health, and Safety Advisor)
Tasks26 Doing it 22k
Forest and Conservation Technicians
Biological Science Aide · Forest Technician · Forestry Aide · Forestry Technician (Forestry Tech)
Tasks21 Doing it 30k
Microbiologists
Bacteriologist · Clinical Laboratory Scientist (Clinical Lab Scientist) · Clinical Microbiologist · Medical Technologist
Tasks14 Doing it 19k
Foresters
Area Forester · District Forester · Fire Prevention Forester · Forest Practices Field Coordinator
Tasks25 Doing it 10k
Materials Scientists
Applications Scientist · Materials Research Engineer · Materials Scientist · Metallurgical Engineer
Tasks16 Doing it 7k
Chemists
Air Quality Chemist · Analytical Chemist · Chemical Lab Scientist (Chemical Laboratory Scientist) · Chemist
Tasks13 Doing it 81k
Economists
Economic Advisor · Economic Analyst · Economic Consultant · Economic Development Specialist
Tasks13 Doing it 16k
Geological Technicians, Except Hydrologic Technicians
Core Inspector · Environmental Field Services Technician · Environmental Sampling Technician · Geological E-Logger
Tasks30 Doing it 9k
Chemical Technicians
Analytical Laboratory Technician (Analytical Lab Technician) · Chemical Analyst · Chemical Technician · Laboratory Analyst (Lab Analyst)
Tasks16 Doing it 58k
Nuclear Monitoring Technicians
Health Physics Technician (HP Tech) · Nuclear Chemistry Technician · Radiation Control Technician (Radcon Technician) · Radiation Protection Specialist (RP Specialist)
Tasks19 Doing it 5k
Biologists
Aquatic Biologist · Biological Scientist · Biologist · Botanist
Tasks22 Doing it 47k
Biological Technicians
Biological Science Laboratory Technician (Biological Science Lab Tech) · Biological Science Technician · Biological Technician · Laboratory Technician
Tasks18 Doing it 76k
Food Science Technicians
Central Laboratory Technician (CLT) · Food Science Tech (Food Science Technician) · Laboratory Assistant (Lab Assistant) · Laboratory Technician (Lab Tech)
Tasks16 Doing it 12k
Nuclear Technicians
Auxiliary Operator · Equipment Operator · Licensed Nuclear Operator · Non-Licensed Nuclear Equipment Operator (NLO)
Tasks21 Doing it 5k
Occupational Health and Safety Specialists
Chemical Hygiene Officer · EHS Officer (Environmental Health and Safety Officer) · Health and Safety Analyst · Industrial Hygiene Consultant
Tasks21 Doing it 106k
Neuropsychologists
Aviation Neuropsychologist · Board Certified Neuropsychologist · Child and Adolescent Neuropsychologist · Forensic Neuropsychologist
Tasks14 Doing it 14k
Clinical Neuropsychologists
Aviation Neuropsychologist · Board Certified Clinical Neuropsychologist · Clinical Neuropsychologist · Neuropsychology Medical Consultant
Tasks18 Doing it 14k
Forensic Science Technicians
Crime Lab Analyst (Crime Laboratory Analyst) · Crime Scene Analyst (CSA) · Crime Scene Technician (Crime Scene Tech) · Criminalist
Tasks21 Doing it 17k
Agricultural Technicians
Agricultural Research Technician (Agricultural Research Tech) · Agricultural Research Technologist · Agricultural Technician (Agricultural Tech) · Agriculture Assistant
Tasks26 Doing it 14k
All 60 science occupations combined
Task-weighted across the whole group, so a large occupation counts for more than a small one
Tasks1,236
Reachable today Needs software built first Cannot be sped up
If you work in People

Your engagement survey is survey research

Designing the instrument, analysing free text, writing up the findings. That work sits at the most exposed end of the entire report, done by the most qualified people in it.

If the most exposed occupation in the economy is somebody with a doctorate designing surveys, the idea that exposure tracks seniority does not survive.

What is missing from this chapter

There is no data here on what anybody actually does with AI. A dataset that appears to measure it was removed from this report because its meaning could not be stated. The reasoning is on the limits page.

The exposure ratings cover all 1,236 tasks in these 60 occupations with no gaps, and were made in 2023 against the model capabilities of that year. Read every figure as a floor.


Exposure ratings from Eloundou, Manning, Mishkin and Rock, GPTs are GPTs: Labor market impact potential of LLMs, Science 384, 1306–1308, 2024, used under the MIT licence. This page includes information from the O*NET Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA), used under the CC BY 4.0 license. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. People Team AI has modified all or some of this information. USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed, or tested these modifications. Employment figures from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics.