Research · updated 25 August 2026

Which parts of which jobs can AI already do?

Not whether your job survives. Which of the tasks in it a machine can already finish in half the time, which would need software building first, and which it cannot touch. 19,265 tasks across 923 occupations, every figure sourced.

Free and public, with no sign-up. The underlying data refreshes and so does this, with the version stated on every page.

Every occupation is analysed and searchable, and 771 of them have a full page of their own. 152 occupations have fewer than fifteen rated tasks and do not get one, because a page with nine rows on it is not worth landing on.

Start here if you want the definitions first

Start with your own job

Search 7,953 job titles. You will get the three bands for your occupation straight away, whether or not its full page has been published yet.

Or try

The finding everything else follows from

The more training a job needs, the more of it AI reaches

This is the opposite of every previous wave of automation. Machinery came for physical work and left thinking alone. This does the reverse.

Least preparation
331 occupations · 6,471 tasks
Beyond reach76%
Some preparation
212 occupations · 4,470 tasks
Beyond reach59%
Considerable preparation
226 occupations · 5,044 tasks
Beyond reach30%
Most preparation
154 occupations · 3,280 tasks
Beyond reach37%
Every occupation in the economy combined
Task-weighted across all 923 occupations, so a large one counts for more than a small one
Tasks19,265
Reachable today Needs software built first Cannot be sped up

In work needing the least preparation, 76 per cent of tasks are beyond an AI's reach. In work needing considerable preparation it is 30 per cent. Tasks a chat window can already halve roughly triple across the same range.

The most exposed occupations in the economy are survey research, writing, translation and public relations. The least exposed, with no exposed tasks at all, are pile driving, floor sanding, rebar fixing and dredge operating.

Every kind of work, least protected first

One row per occupational group, plus the People profession, which is not a group in the taxonomy but is who this is written for. Spread is the gap between the most and least protected occupation inside that row, protected meaning the share of its tasks that cannot be sped up at all. It matters: a group with a hundred point spread has an average that tells you almost nothing.

Chapters are being written and published one at a time. Rows without a link have their data here and no chapter yet.

Computing and maths
36 occupations · 267 job titles
24pts
Business and finance
48 occupations · 390 job titles
100pts
People and HR
9 occupations · 75 job titles
30pts
Legal
7 occupations · 68 job titles
41pts
Science
60 occupations · 494 job titles
81pts
Management
56 occupations · 485 job titles
67pts
Office and admin
51 occupations · 472 job titles
83pts
Sales
22 occupations · 180 job titles
58pts
Architecture and engineering
56 occupations · 451 job titles
57pts
Education
62 occupations · 606 job titles
74pts
Arts, design and media
40 occupations · 355 job titles
100pts
Community and social work
14 occupations · 136 job titles
46pts
Healthcare practitioners
89 occupations · 696 job titles
90pts
Protective services
26 occupations · 217 job titles
60pts
Personal care
31 occupations · 253 job titles
61pts
Transport
52 occupations · 431 job titles
71pts
Food preparation
16 occupations · 135 job titles
50pts
Cleaning and grounds
8 occupations · 77 job titles
39pts
Healthcare support
19 occupations · 182 job titles
36pts
Farming and forestry
12 occupations · 110 job titles
46pts
Production
107 occupations · 982 job titles
69pts
Installation and repair
50 occupations · 469 job titles
50pts
Construction
61 occupations · 497 job titles
71pts
All 23 groups combined, which is the whole economy
The same total as the one under the chart above, reached by adding up the groups instead of the zones
Tasks19,265
Reachable today Needs software built first Cannot be sped up

Spread is the distance in percentage points between the most and the least protected occupation in a group, where protected means the share of a job's tasks that cannot be sped up at all. It says whether the row above it can be trusted: a narrow spread means the group average describes the jobs inside it, a wide one means it describes none of them.

Computing and maths has the narrowest spread in the economy at 24 points, which is its own finding: almost nobody in it is sheltered. Business and finance and Arts, design and media both run the full range from 0 to 100.

Before you quote any of this

None of it says anyone loses a job

Every figure measures one thing: whether published research judged that an AI could finish a task in half the time, at the same quality. A task that takes half as long still needs somebody doing it, and no employer was asked what they intend to do about any of it.

It must never be used to choose who to make redundant. An exposure figure is not an objective, fair and consistently applied selection criterion.

The full limits, and what each band means

What this is built from

Open datasets, joined. Nothing here is scored by a model: exposure comes from published ratings made by human annotators, and the build only counts and joins them. That is the whole reason the numbers can be defended.

Those ratings are then checked against two independent studies built from recorded AI use. Between them they cover 15.2 million real interactions with three different AI systems, across more than 150 countries. None of it is mixed into the figures. It is there to test whether the ratings describe something real.

19,265
rated tasks
923
occupations
7,953
real job titles
23
chapters planned
15.2m
recorded AI interactions checked against

Exposure ratings from Eloundou, Manning, Mishkin and Rock, GPTs are GPTs: Labor market impact potential of LLMs, Science 384, 1306–1308, 2024, used under the MIT licence.

This report includes information from the O*NET Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. People Team AI has modified all or some of this information. USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed, or tested these modifications.